Clinical Application of the Widal Test
The Widal test is one of the most utilized diagnostic tests for typhoid fever in developing countries. This test demonstrates the presence of somatic (O) and flagellar (H) agglutinins to Salmonella typhi in the patient’s serum using suspensions of O and H antigens. Antigens of S. paratyphi A, S. paratyphi B, S. paratyphi C are included in most commercial kits. The recommended method of performing the Widal test is by the tube agglutination technique where serial two-fold dilutions of the subject’s serum from 1:20 to 1:1280 are tested. In later years, a rapid slide test was developed which is now the most commonly used technique in local laboratories because of its convenience.1
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